The rise of mutapa state pdf

The kingdom of mutapa sometimes referred to as the mutapa empire, mwenemutapa was a. Mutapa is thought to be established around 1430, and was eventually taken over by the portuguese in 1760. To understand the emergence of barue as a kingdom we need to discuss the origin of the. Discussing important matters and developments within the state with the mutapa. Announcing to the visiting provincial leaders the orders of the king. The people kept large herds of cattle for meat, milk and hides. Mwene mutapa is shona for ravager of the lands, and was also the title held by the dynasty of kings who ruled the territory, which was between the zambezi and limpopo rivers. The mutapa s control in these far away lands was probably peripheral and not regular. According to oral tradition chibatamatosi nyatsimba mutotas father sent nyakatondo the messenger to the area north of great zimbabwe to look for salt deposits. Acting as a regent when a mutapa died before a new one was appointed. A stamp showing a portuguese impression of the mutapa gatsi rusere.

The following reasons can be given to account for the fall of the mutapa state. The demise of great zimbabwe left the mutapa state dominant in northern. At the same time, a new kingdom under a rozvi dynasty near barwe was on the rise. Reasons for the rise of the mutapa state free zimsec. They were also a trade item that was used in both external and domestic trade. Finally, in 1962 the systematic publication of portuguese. The demise of great zimbabwe left the mutapa state dominant in northern zimbabwe and the lesser. In as far as religion is an important component of ideology, this suggestion is plausible. The economic organisation of the mutapa state free.

The mutapa state is believed to have been an iron age state which spanned across three centuries till its decline in the 19 th century. The most powerful local player was the mutapa state, while the. According to oral tradition chibatamatosi nyatsimba mutotas father sent. Reasons for the fall of the mutapa state free zimsec. Using the jesuits in the mutapa empire of zimbabwe academic. The rozvi and mutapa states display similarities, although the rozvi appear to have been more tight ly controlled. The following economic activities took place in the mutapa state. Assisting the mutapa in the appointment of provincial chiefs when one chief diedresigned or was dismissed. The origin and rise of the mutapa state free zimsec. The mutapas control in these far away lands was probably peripheral and not regular.

What factors led to the rise and fall of munhu mutapa state. The rise of militaristic and ambitious leaders such as mutota. Pdf the archaeological identity of the mutapa state. Mutota who went in a northerly direction from great. Mwene mutapa state monomotapa, munhumutapa, mutapa for. The mutapa western adaptation of the munhumutapa or mwenemutapa or monomutapa depending on the shona dialect was one of western mozambique and present day zimbabwes greatest kingdoms. The decline of great zimbabwe led to the rise of the mutapa state. Pdf on jan 1, 1993, innocent pikirayi and others published the archaeological identity of the mutapa state. Among the factors central to this debate are the growth of economic ties with the. Shona oral tradition states that the mutapa state was founded by nyatsimbe. It has been suggested by some including the archaeologist peter garlake that religion was also significant to the rise and expansion of the mutapa state. The mutapa state occupied a triangle of land between the zambezi river in the north, the hunyani river and umvukwe range on the southwest, and the mazoe. Mutapa remained nominally independent, though practically a client state. Cattle were also a symbol of wealth and they were also slaughtered at religious ceremonies and functions such as funerals.